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ISO 4587
Tensile Lap-Shear Strength of Adhesive Bonds

Universal Grip ISO 4587 lap-shear pneumatic grips

Downloads: ISO 4587 Lap-Shear Pneumatic Grips – Universal Grip Data Sheet (PDF)

Written by Chris Thomas, Universal Grip Company · Reviewed by Frank Bertini · Updated October 24, 2026

ISO 4587 is the international test method for the tensile lap-shear strength of rigid-to-rigid bonded assemblies. Two rigid adherends, normally 1.6 mm metal strips, are bonded over a 12.5 mm single overlap and pulled in tension until the joint fails; the highest force divided by the bonded area is the lap-shear strength in MPa, and the way the joint failed is coded under ISO 10365. It is the ISO twin of ASTM D1002 and the technical basis of EN 1465, and it is the single most common adhesive QC test in the world: structural epoxies, acrylics and polyurethanes on steel and aluminium are specified, compared and audited against it in automotive, aerospace, electronics and general assembly.

This guide covers the current edition, ISO 4587:2003, and its status; the full specimen geometry with tolerances and the 50 mm grip distance that most pages leave out; why the standard gives a time to failure rather than a crosshead speed, and how to convert between MPa/min, N/min and mm/min for the 312.5 mm² bond; bond-line control; the alignment problem of a single-lap joint and the shim rule; the step-by-step procedure; the calculation with a checked worked example; ISO 10365 failure codes; the common errors and how big they are; a numeric comparison with ASTM D1002, D3163, D5868 and EN 1465; and the grips, shims, machines and chambers Universal Grip supplies. The adhesives testing page gives the lab overview and the ISO standards hub lists every ISO method we equip.

In this guide: What ISO 4587 Measures and Where It Applies · Editions and Status · The Specimen: 100 × 25 × 1.6 mm Adherends and a 12.5 mm Overlap · Grips, Alignment and the Shim Rule · Test Speed: 65 ± 20 s to Failure or 8.3–9.8 MPa/min · Step-by-Step ISO 4587 Procedure · Calculation and a Worked Example · Failure Modes Under ISO 10365 · Common Errors and How Much They Cost · ISO 4587 vs ASTM D1002, D3163, D5868 and EN 1465 · Equipment: Grips, Shims, Machines and Chambers for ISO 4587 · Report Checklist · FAQ

What ISO 4587 Measures and Where It Applies

ISO 4587 measures the tensile lap-shear strength of an adhesive bond between two rigid adherends loaded through a single-overlap joint. The force is applied parallel to the bond area and to the long axis of the specimen, so the adhesive layer is loaded nominally in shear. The standard is explicit that the result is a comparative property for the adhesive, the surface preparation and the bonding process: because a single-lap joint rotates under load and concentrates peel stress at the ends of the overlap, the value is not a design allowable and must not be used as one. For design data on shear modulus and strength the thick-adherend method ISO 11003-2 (ASTM D5656) is the right tool.

  • Adherends: rigid materials, developed for metals (steel, aluminium, titanium, brass) but applicable to rigid plastics and composites when they are stiff enough not to bend in the overlap; flexible-to-rigid and flexible-to-flexible bonds go to the peel methods ISO 11339, ISO 8510 and ISO 4578.

  • Adhesives: structural and semi-structural epoxies, acrylics, polyurethanes, anaerobics and cyanoacrylates; pressure-sensitive adhesives are better served by the tape standards.

  • Reported properties: breaking force in N for each specimen, lap-shear strength τ in MPa, the arithmetic mean and standard deviation of the set, and the ISO 10365 failure pattern for each specimen.

  • Not covered: fatigue, creep, environmental ageing and thick-adherend modulus; those are separate standards that use the same grips and often the same specimen.

The test is the reference point for almost every adhesive datasheet. When a manufacturer quotes '25 MPa on grit-blasted steel' the number came from a lap-shear specimen of this geometry, which is why a lab that cannot reproduce the geometry, the grip distance and the rate cannot reproduce the datasheet.

Editions and Status

The current edition is ISO 4587:2003, the third edition, a short four-page method prepared by ISO/TC 61/SC 11 (products and adhesives). It replaced the 1995 second edition and the original 1979 text, and the geometry has not changed through any of them. The 2003 edition normatively references ISO 291 for conditioning, ISO 527-1 for the constant-rate tensile machine requirements and ISO 10365 for failure-pattern designation; its surface-preparation reference, EN 13887, has since been absorbed into ISO 17212, which is what the current adhesives standards cite.

The standard was confirmed unchanged at its 2021 review and entered another systematic review in 2026, so a revision may follow; the method itself is mature and any revision is expected to be editorial. EN 1465:2009 is the European version with the same specimen and the same 65 ± 20 s rule, which is why Instron and others say the two differ only in how the rate is worded. Two details worth knowing: the 2003 text quotes the alternative loading rate as 8.3 to 9.7 MPa/min in the apparatus clause and 8.3 to 9.8 MPa/min in the procedure clause, an inconsistency carried over from the ASTM range of 1,200 to 1,400 psi/min, and the standard states that it has no established precision data, so inter-laboratory comparisons rest on matching every parameter below.

The Specimen: 100 × 25 × 1.6 mm Adherends and a 12.5 mm Overlap

ISO 4587 Figure 1 defines the standard single-lap specimen. The two adherends are identical strips, and the bonded overlap is the only dimension carrying a tight tolerance because the shear area goes straight into the result.

  • Adherend length: 100 mm each, giving an assembled specimen length of 187.5 mm (100 + 100 − 12.5).

  • Width: 25 mm, measured to ± 0.1 mm on each specimen; for rolled metal the major axis runs along the rolling direction.

  • Thickness: 1.6 mm for metal adherends; thinner sheet bends and peels in the overlap, thicker sheet raises the force without changing the bond.

  • Overlap: 12.5 ± 0.25 mm, with the end of the overlap square to the edge within 1°; the nominal shear area is 12.5 × 25 = 312.5 mm².

  • Bond line: not fixed by the standard but typically 0.2 mm, controlled with calibrated wire spacers laid parallel to the load or with glass spheres of known diameter; the average thickness and the control method are reported.

  • Edges: excess adhesive is removed immediately after assembly so that a fillet cannot add to the shear area or bridge the joint.

Specimens may be bonded individually in a jig or cut from a bonded panel; the standard strongly recommends a bonding jig for alignment and pressure, and for panel-cut specimens the edge material is discarded and the number of panels and the cutting method are reported. Cutting must not heat or stress the bond: abrasive wheels with coolant or a fine band saw, never a shear that bends the adherends. Each specimen is measured for width and overlap length to ± 0.1 mm after bonding, and the measured, not nominal, area is used in the calculation. Surface preparation follows ISO 17212 (degrease, abrade or blast, degrease, prime if specified) and is recorded in the report, because a lap-shear value without the surface treatment is meaningless. Specimens are then cured to the adhesive maker's schedule and conditioned in the ISO 291 standard atmosphere of 23 ± 2 °C and 50 ± 10 % relative humidity.

Grips, Alignment and the Shim Rule

A single-lap joint has a built-in eccentricity: the load line through one adherend is offset from the load line through the other by one adherend thickness, 1.6 mm. If the grips hold the two free ends on the machine centreline, the joint bends under load until the two lines try to meet, which peels the ends of the overlap and lowers the result. ISO 4587 handles this with two requirements. The grips must be self-aligning so that the long axis of the specimen coincides with the direction of pull through the centreline of the grip assembly, and a shim may be placed in the grips so that the applied force lies in the plane of the bond. In practice the shim equals the adherend thickness: a 1.6 mm packing strip behind the free end of each adherend puts both free ends on the bond plane and takes most of the bending moment out of the joint.

  • Grip distance: each grip closes 50 ± 1 mm from the nearest edge of the overlap, with the specimen centred, so the free length between the jaws is 50 + 12.5 + 50 = 112.5 mm. A different distance changes the bending and the result.

  • Jaw faces: serrated faces on 1.6 mm steel or aluminium prevent slip; the bite must not extend into the overlap region and the serrations must not notch the adherend enough to cause a substrate failure before the bond fails.

  • Bolted grips: grips that bolt through holes in the adherends are to be avoided because the hole concentrates stress and can fail the adherend.

  • Clamping force: pneumatic side-acting grips hold a constant, adjustable clamping force throughout the test, which matters because the joint rotates slightly as it loads; wedge grips tighten with load and also work but offset shims are harder to fit.

  • Machine: force reading accurate to 1 % (ISO 7500-1 class 1), with the rupture force falling between 10 % and 80 % of the range in use, and either constant crosshead speed or constant loading rate control.

The combination of a 50 mm grip distance, a shim and self-aligning couplings is what separates a repeatable lap-shear lab from one that reports 15 % scatter. A quick check: load a specimen to about a third of its expected strength and look at the overlap from the side; visible rotation means the shim is wrong or missing. Universal Grip's pneumatic grips for this test are supplied with offset jaw shims for exactly this reason.

Test Speed: 65 ± 20 s to Failure or 8.3–9.8 MPa/min

ISO 4587 does not specify a crosshead speed in mm/min, and any page that prints one for this standard is extrapolating. The procedure gives two alternatives. On a constant-crosshead-speed machine, the speed is chosen so that the average specimen fails in 65 ± 20 s, that is between 45 and 85 s after loading starts. On a machine that can control the loading rate, the joint is loaded at a constant 8.3 to 9.8 MPa/min of nominal shear stress. The two are alternatives, not equivalents, and for strong adhesives they give different test durations:

  • Rate control at 20 MPa strength: 20 MPa ÷ 9 MPa/min ≈ 2.2 min, or about 130 s, well outside the 65 ± 20 s window.

  • Rate control at 8 MPa strength: 8 ÷ 9 ≈ 0.9 min, about 53 s, inside the window.

  • Converting to force rate: 8.3 to 9.8 MPa/min on a 312.5 mm² bond is 2.6 to 3.1 kN/min, or 43 to 51 N/s.

  • Choosing a crosshead speed: run one trial specimen at 1.3 mm/min (the ASTM D1002 figure) and scale: if it fails in 40 s, slow to about 0.8 mm/min; if it takes 120 s, speed up to about 2.4 mm/min. Most metal-to-metal epoxies land in the window between 1 and 2 mm/min because the joint's compliance is dominated by the adhesive and the grip train, not the adherends.

Report whichever you used, the crosshead speed in mm/min or the loading rate in MPa/min, and keep it fixed across a comparison set; rate affects adhesives strongly, and a 10× change in rate can move a toughened epoxy by 10 to 20 %. Stress-rate control on a servo machine needs a tuned loop because the joint stiffens as it loads; crosshead control is simpler and is what most QC labs use. Note that both the machine clause and the procedure clause of the standard quote the rate range with slightly different upper limits (9.7 and 9.8 MPa/min); the difference is below any practical control resolution.

Step-by-Step ISO 4587 Procedure

  • Prepare adherends: cut 100 × 25 × 1.6 mm strips with the long axis along the rolling direction; deburr; prepare the bonding faces per ISO 17212 and the adhesive maker's instructions; record the method.

  • Bond: apply the adhesive to the 12.5 mm end of one strip, set the bond-line spacers, assemble in the jig to 12.5 ± 0.25 mm overlap with the ends square, apply the specified pressure, remove squeeze-out and cure to schedule. Bond at least five specimens, or a panel that yields at least five after edge discard.

  • Condition: ISO 291 at 23 ± 2 °C and 50 ± 10 % RH, or the atmosphere the material specification calls for; test in the same atmosphere.

  • Measure: width and overlap length to ± 0.1 mm on each specimen; record the bond-line thickness; calculate the shear area.

  • Mount: fit the 1.6 mm offset shims; close the first grip 50 ± 1 mm from the overlap, hang the specimen straight, close the second grip at 50 ± 1 mm on the other side; confirm the specimen is centred and the free length is 112.5 mm.

  • Load: zero the force, start the crosshead at the chosen speed (or the loading rate) and record force against time or displacement until the joint separates completely.

  • Record: the highest force reached, the time to failure (to confirm the 45 to 85 s window), and the failure pattern of each fracture face per ISO 10365.

  • Calculate and report: τ = F/A for each specimen, the mean and standard deviation, the failure types, and the report items listed below.

Discard and replace specimens that slipped in the grips, failed in the adherend outside the overlap or had a visibly starved or voided bond line; note the replacements in the report.

Calculation and a Worked Example

The lap-shear strength is the breaking force divided by the bonded area: τ = F / (b × l), with F in newtons, b the measured width and l the measured overlap length in millimetres, giving τ in N/mm², which is MPa. The breaking force is the highest force recorded, whether the joint fails suddenly or peels progressively.

  • Nominal area: 25.0 × 12.5 = 312.5 mm².

  • Example 1, force to stress: a steel-to-steel epoxy joint breaks at 6,250 N; τ = 6,250 / 312.5 = 20.0 MPa.

  • Example 2, measured dimensions: width 24.9 mm, overlap 12.7 mm (inside tolerance), F = 7,120 N; A = 24.9 × 12.7 = 316.2 mm²; τ = 7,120 / 316.2 = 22.5 MPa. Using the nominal area instead would give 22.8 MPa, a 1.2 % error from a 0.2 mm overlap difference, which is why the standard measures each specimen.

  • Example 3, machine range: a set expected at 20 to 25 MPa develops 6.3 to 7.8 kN; on a 10 kN load cell that is 63 to 78 % of range, inside the 10 to 80 % window; a 50 kN cell would put it at 13 to 16 %, also valid but with ten times less resolution per bit.

  • Example 4, rate: loading at 9 MPa/min on 312.5 mm² is 2,810 N/min = 47 N/s, so a 6,250 N joint takes 133 s under rate control, against 45 to 85 s under the time rule.

Report the mean and the standard deviation of the five or more results, in MPa to three significant figures, and never average specimens with different failure modes without saying so: three cohesive failures at 24 MPa and two adhesive failures at 9 MPa average to 18 MPa, a number that describes neither the adhesive nor the surface preparation.

Failure Modes Under ISO 10365

Every fracture face is inspected and the failure pattern designated using the codes of ISO 10365, because the number alone does not say whether the adhesive, the surface preparation or the adherend limited the joint. The current edition of ISO 10365 (2022) uses the following main designations, and mixed patterns are reported as the percentage of each.

  • AF, adhesive failure: separation at the adhesive-to-adherend interface; one face is bare metal, the other carries all the adhesive. Usually a surface-preparation or contamination problem, not an adhesive strength problem.

  • CF, cohesive failure: fracture within the adhesive layer, adhesive on both faces. The result reflects the adhesive's own shear strength and is the mode a datasheet value assumes.

  • SCF, special cohesive failure: cohesive failure very close to one interface, a thin film of adhesive left on one adherend; often a sign of a weak boundary layer or a primer issue.

  • SF, substrate failure: the adherend yields or breaks before the bond; the bond is stronger than the 1.6 mm adherend, which happens with modern toughened epoxies on aluminium above roughly 25 to 30 MPa.

  • DF, delamination failure: failure within a laminated or coated adherend; common with composite and painted adherends.

A substrate failure is reported as such with the force reached; it is a floor on the bond strength, not a measurement of it, and the usual fix is a thicker or stronger adherend or a shorter overlap, both of which must then be reported as deviations from the standard geometry.

Common Errors and How Much They Cost

  • No shim: the joint rotates, the overlap ends peel and the measured strength drops; on brittle epoxies the loss can exceed 20 % and the failure moves toward adhesive at the overlap ends.

  • Wrong grip distance: closing the jaws 25 mm from the overlap instead of 50 mm stiffens the specimen against rotation and raises the result; 75 mm does the opposite. Both invalidate comparisons with datasheet values.

  • Fillets left on: a squeeze-out fillet at each end of the overlap can add 1 to 2 mm of effective length and carries peel load, inflating the strength by 5 to 15 % and making the failure look cohesive at the fillet.

  • Bond line uncontrolled: most structural adhesives peak between 0.1 and 0.2 mm; a 0.5 mm bond line can lose a quarter of the strength and a near-zero line starves the joint.

  • Rate too fast: a 10 s test instead of 65 s raises the apparent strength of rate-sensitive adhesives by 10 % or more and changes the failure mode.

  • Mixing geometries: 12.5 mm ISO and 12.7 mm ASTM overlaps differ by 1.6 % in area; mixing them in one dataset without using measured areas introduces a bias of that size.

  • Serrations into the overlap: jaw teeth that reach the bonded region start a crack in the adherend; keep the bite 50 mm away as specified.

  • Counting substrate yield as bond strength: a 1.6 mm aluminium strip yields at about 4 to 6 kN depending on alloy (13 to 19 MPa on the nominal area); a joint that reports 22 MPa on soft aluminium has probably failed in the adherend.

ISO 4587 vs ASTM D1002, D3163, D5868 and EN 1465

The ISO and ASTM single-lap methods share a geometry to within rounding but differ in units, rate wording and grip distance, so results are comparable only when both labs match the actual numbers, not the standard designations.

  • ISO 4587:2003: 100 × 25 × 1.6 mm metal adherends, overlap 12.5 ± 0.25 mm, area 312.5 mm², grips 50 ± 1 mm from the overlap, fail in 65 ± 20 s or 8.3–9.8 MPa/min, ≥ 5 specimens, ISO 291 conditioning, ISO 10365 failure codes, result in MPa with mean and SD.

  • EN 1465:2009: same specimen and reporting; constant rate so that failure occurs in 65 ± 20 s, no MPa/min alternative; six specimens are commonly recommended in European practice.

  • ASTM D1002: 101.6 × 25.4 × 1.62 mm (4 × 1 × 0.064 in) metal adherends, overlap 12.7 ± 0.25 mm, area 322.6 mm², loading rate 8.3–9.7 MPa/min (1,200–1,400 psi/min), which works out to about 1.3 mm/min crosshead for metal joints, ≥ 5 specimens, failure reported as percent cohesive; result in MPa or psi.

  • ASTM D3163: the D1002 geometry applied to rigid plastic adherends, same loading rate, with attention to adherend thickness so the plastic does not yield first.

  • ASTM D5868: fibre-reinforced plastic to FRP or metal, 25.4 mm wide, typically a longer overlap and a much faster 13 mm/min crosshead speed; not comparable to ISO 4587 numbers.

  • ASTM D3165 / ISO 11003-2 / ASTM D5656: laminated-assembly and thick-adherend geometries that remove the eccentricity; used for design shear modulus and strength rather than QC.

A joint tested to ISO 4587 at 1.3 mm/min with 1.6 mm shims and 50 mm grip spacing will give the same number as the same joint tested to D1002, within the scatter of the method; the specifications differ in paperwork more than physics. The practical rule is to record overlap, width, thickness, grip distance and rate in numbers on every report so that a reader can decide whether two results are comparable.

Equipment: Grips, Shims, Machines and Chambers for ISO 4587

Universal Grip builds the ISO 4587 pneumatic side-acting grip specifically for single-lap tests. Twin air cylinders close serrated, replaceable hardened-steel jaw faces on the adherend with a constant clamping force set by the supply pressure, a valve on the grip body opens and closes the jaws with one hand, the open-front frame lets the specimen drop in from the front, and offset jaw shims are available to align single-lap joints on the bond plane. Capacity is 10 kN typical with higher capacities on request, the body is aluminium, the machine connection is a pin or threaded adapter to suit the frame, and the grips are ordered as a pair; specify adherend width and thickness, capacity, air pressure and machine connection when ordering (part ref. UGC-ISO4587-PG).

  • Grips: the ISO 4587 pneumatic grips above for routine metal-to-metal work at constant clamping force; wedge grips when joints exceed 10 kN, for example thick titanium or steel adherends with high-strength epoxies; both accept shims equal to the adherend thickness.

  • Capacity math: epoxy on blasted steel at 15 to 35 MPa develops 4.7 to 11 kN on the standard area; acrylics and polyurethanes at 5 to 15 MPa develop 1.6 to 4.7 kN; keep the rupture force between 10 and 80 % of the load-cell range.

  • Machines: a 5 kN benchtop frame covers acrylics and PU; a 10 kN or 25 kN universal testing machine covers structural epoxies with margin; a 5 kN frame or a Mark-10 tensile tester suits low-strength adhesives and sealants.

  • Environmental testing: lap-shear after humidity, salt-spray or heat ageing uses the same grips inside an environmental chamber for hot and cold tests at temperature.

  • Other shear geometries: block shear, thick-adherend and double-lap fixtures are on the shear fixtures page and the shear testing application page; the blog post on lap shear versus block shear explains when each applies.

  • Related standards we equip: ASTM D1002 for the inch-based version of this test, ISO 11339 for T-peel of flexible adherends, ISO 527-1 for the machine and grip requirements the standard references, and the full ISO standards hub.

Report Checklist

ISO 4587 lists the report contents, and the items are the ones a reader needs to judge comparability: reference to ISO 4587:2003; the adhesive (type, manufacturer, code, batch); the adherends (material, dimensions, surface preparation per ISO 17212); the bonding process (method, drying or pre-cure, cure time, temperature and pressure); bond-line thickness and how it was controlled; the specimens (dimensions, overlap, individually bonded or panel-cut, number of panels, cutting method, number tested); conditioning atmosphere; crosshead speed or loading rate; breaking force and lap-shear strength for each specimen with the mean and standard deviation; ISO 10365 failure type for each specimen; and any deviation from the method, such as shims of non-standard thickness, a different overlap or substrate failures.

ISO 4587 FAQ

What is ISO 4587?

ISO 4587 is the international standard test method for the tensile lap-shear strength of rigid-to-rigid bonded assemblies. Two rigid adherends, normally 100 × 25 × 1.6 mm metal strips, are bonded over a 12.5 mm single overlap and pulled in tension; the highest force divided by the 312.5 mm² bonded area is the lap-shear strength in MPa. The current edition is ISO 4587:2003.

What are the ISO 4587 specimen dimensions?

Each adherend is 100 mm long, 25 mm wide and 1.6 mm thick for metals; the overlap is 12.5 ± 0.25 mm, giving an assembled length of 187.5 mm and a nominal shear area of 12.5 × 25 = 312.5 mm². Width and overlap are measured to ± 0.1 mm on every specimen and the measured area is used.

What test speed does ISO 4587 specify?

No fixed crosshead speed. The speed is chosen so the joint fails in 65 ± 20 s (45 to 85 s), or the joint is loaded at a constant 8.3 to 9.8 MPa/min. In practice metal-to-metal epoxies land in the window at about 1 to 2 mm/min, and 1.3 mm/min (the ASTM D1002 figure) is the usual starting point.

How far from the overlap are the grips placed?

Each grip closes 50 ± 1 mm from the nearest edge of the overlap with the specimen centred, so the free length between the jaws is 112.5 mm. Changing this distance changes how much the joint rotates and therefore the result.

Why are shims used in ISO 4587 lap-shear grips?

A single-lap joint is offset by one adherend thickness, so gripping both free ends on the machine centreline bends the joint and peels the ends of the overlap. A shim equal to the adherend thickness, 1.6 mm, behind each free end puts the load in the plane of the bond; the standard permits the shim and requires self-aligning grips.

How is lap-shear strength calculated?

τ = F / (b × l): breaking force in N divided by measured width times measured overlap in mm, giving MPa. A joint breaking at 6,250 N on the nominal 312.5 mm² area has a lap-shear strength of 20.0 MPa. Report each specimen, the mean and the standard deviation.

How many specimens does ISO 4587 require?

Not fewer than five. EN 1465 practice commonly uses six, and ASTM D1002 also requires at least five. Specimens that slip in the grips, fail in the adherend away from the bond or have starved bond lines are replaced.

What is the difference between ISO 4587 and ASTM D1002?

D1002 uses 101.6 × 25.4 × 1.62 mm adherends with a 12.7 mm overlap (322.6 mm²) and a loading rate of 8.3 to 9.7 MPa/min, about 1.3 mm/min; ISO 4587 uses 100 × 25 × 1.6 mm with a 12.5 mm overlap (312.5 mm²), grips 50 mm from the overlap, and either 65 ± 20 s to failure or 8.3 to 9.8 MPa/min. The physics is the same; results agree when the actual numbers match.

What is the difference between ISO 4587 and EN 1465?

The specimen, grip distance and reporting are identical. EN 1465 specifies only a constant rate chosen so failure occurs in 65 ± 20 s, while ISO 4587 also allows the 8.3 to 9.8 MPa/min loading-rate alternative.

What bond-line thickness should be used?

ISO 4587 does not fix it but requires it to be controlled, measured and reported; 0.2 mm is typical, set with calibrated wire spacers or glass spheres. Most structural adhesives peak between 0.1 and 0.2 mm, and a 0.5 mm bond line can lose a quarter of the strength.

How are failure modes reported in ISO 4587?

Using ISO 10365 codes: AF adhesive (interface) failure, CF cohesive failure within the adhesive, SCF special cohesive failure near one interface, SF substrate failure and DF delamination, with mixed modes given as percentages. Only cohesive failures measure the adhesive itself; adhesive failures point to surface preparation.

What grips and machine capacity are needed for ISO 4587?

Self-aligning grips with serrated faces and offset shims: pneumatic side-acting grips of 10 kN typical capacity cover epoxies to about 30 MPa (9.4 kN), with wedge grips above that. Structural epoxies develop 4.7 to 11 kN, acrylics and polyurethanes 1.6 to 4.7 kN, so a 10 to 25 kN frame covers most work and the rupture force should fall between 10 and 80 % of the load-cell range.

Need lap-shear grips, offset shims or a complete system for ISO 4587? Contact Universal Grip with your adherend material and thickness, expected bond strength and machine connection and we will quote the right setup.

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