Textile Testing on a Universal Testing Machine: ASTM D5034, D5035, D751, D3787/D6797 Ball Burst and More
Textile testing on a universal testing machine comes down to one question: can you hold a soft, stretchy, anisotropic material without the grip itself becoming the weakest point in the test? Fabrics slip in smooth jaws, tear at serrated jaws, neck down, relax, and change strength with humidity. That is why the textile standards are so specific about jaw-face size, gauge length, crosshead speed and conditioning, and why the right textile testing fixtures matter as much as the frame they are mounted in.
This guide walks through every major textile test you can run on a single universal testing machine or tensile tester: the ASTM D5034 grab test, the ASTM D5035 strip test, the ASTM D751 coated-fabric suite, ASTM D3787 and ASTM D6797 ball burst, tongue and trapezoid tear, seam strength, elastic fabrics, yarn and single-fiber tensile, webbing, geotextiles and fabric stiffness. For each test we cover what it measures, the specimen and setup, the grips or fixture Universal Grip Company builds for it, and a video from our YouTube channel showing the test on a real machine.
If you want a printable companion to this article, download our free Textile Testing Operator's Training Guide (PDF).
Quick reference: textile tests you can run on a UTM
Fabric tensile (grab): ASTM D5034 / ISO 13934-2, using vise grips or pneumatic grips with a 25 × 25 mm front face.
Fabric tensile (strip): ASTM D5035 / ISO 13934-1, with full-width jaw faces.
Coated fabrics: ASTM D751, covering grab, strip, ball burst, tear, coating adhesion and seam strength.
Ball burst: ASTM D3787 (CRT machines) and ASTM D6797 (CRE machines), using the ball burst puncture fixture.
Tear strength: ASTM D2261 tongue tear and ASTM D5587 trapezoid tear.
Seam strength: ASTM D1683 sewn seams in woven fabrics.
Elastic fabrics: ASTM D4964 tension and elongation of stretch fabrics.
Bonded and laminated fabrics: ASTM D2724 bond strength (T-peel).
Yarn, cord and fiber: ASTM D2256, ASTM D885 and ASTM D3822 with bollard grips and rope grips.
Webbing, straps and narrow fabrics: ASTM D6775 with wrap (webbing) grips.
Geotextiles: ASTM D4632 grab, ASTM D4595 wide-width, ASTM D6241 CBR puncture and ASTM D4833 index puncture.
Fabric stiffness: ASTM D4032 circular bend.
Why textile testing is different from testing metals or plastics
A steel dog-bone has a reduced gauge section, so it breaks in the middle almost no matter how you grip it. A fabric specimen has no reduced section. The highest stress concentration is usually right at the jaw line, so a poor grip choice shows up immediately as jaw breaks, slippage, or results that scatter far more than the material really does.
Five things every textile lab has to control
Grip slippage versus jaw damage: smooth faces let coated or slick fabrics slide; aggressive serrations cut fibers at the jaw line. Most textile labs keep rubber-faced, smooth, and serrated or wavy inserts on hand and change them by fabric type, which is what our Quick Change jaw inserts are built for.
Direction: woven fabrics are tested separately in the warp (machine) and filling (cross-machine) directions, because strength can differ significantly between them.
Conditioning: most ASTM textile methods call for conditioning per ASTM D1776, typically around 21 °C and 65 % relative humidity, because cotton, nylon, wool and rayon change strength and elongation with moisture content.
Machine type (CRE versus CRT): modern universal testing machines are constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) machines. Older pendulum-type testers are constant-rate-of-traverse (CRT). Some standards are written for one or the other, which is exactly why ASTM D3787 and ASTM D6797 both exist.
Load cell sizing: a lightweight knit might break at 100 N, while a woven polyester for industrial use can exceed 2 kN in a grab test. Pick a load cell that puts your typical break in the upper part of its range, not the bottom 1 %.
The textile testing equipment stack
Almost every test in this guide uses the same building blocks. Getting these right once means your frame can move between standards in minutes instead of hours.
Test frame: a single-column Mark-10 tensile tester (such as the 500 lb or 1,500 lb frame) handles most fabric, tear, burst and yarn work. A dual-column benchtop UTM such as the 5 kN, 10 kN or 50 kN model is the better choice for heavy industrial fabrics, webbing and wide-width geotextiles.
Grips: vise grips and pneumatic grips for fabrics; bollard grips and rope grips for yarns and cords; wrap grips for webbing; roller grips for high-elongation narrow fabrics.
Fixtures: the ball burst puncture fixture for D3787 and D6797, plus geotextile puncture fixtures for D6241 and D4833.
Adapters: standard grip adapters so every grip and fixture drops onto your machine's clevis.
Specimen preparation: ASTM cutting dies and a die press give repeatable strip, tear and trapezoid specimens; ragged hand-cut edges are one of the biggest sources of scatter in tear testing.
Strain measurement: crosshead displacement is acceptable for most fabric methods, but a video extensometer gives true non-contact strain on elastic and coated fabrics without loading the specimen.
Software and environment: testing software with textile test libraries, and environmental chambers when you need hot or cold performance of technical textiles.
New to UTMs in general? Start with our primer, What is a Universal Testing Machine?, and our guide to choosing the right grips for tensile testing.
ASTM D5034: Grab test for breaking strength and elongation of textile fabrics
The grab test is the most widely specified fabric tensile test in North America. A 100 mm (4 in) wide specimen is clamped by jaws that are narrower than the specimen, so only the central 25 mm (1 in) is gripped. The fabric on either side of the jaws contributes some strength, which mimics how fabric is loaded in a real garment or product rather than giving a pure single-yarn-system strength.
Typical ASTM D5034 setup
Specimen: 100 × 150 mm (4 × 6 in), long dimension parallel to the direction being tested; a line drawn 37 mm in from one edge helps center the jaw consistently.
Jaw faces: front face 25 × 25 mm (1 × 1 in); back face 25 × 50 mm (1 × 2 in) or larger.
Gauge length: 75 mm (3 in) between jaws.
Speed: 300 ± 10 mm/min (12 ± 0.5 in/min) on a CRE machine.
Results: breaking force, and elongation at break as a percentage of gauge length; warp and filling are reported separately.
Variants: the modified grab test (often called MG) cuts the fabric yarns on either side of the gripped section to remove the 'fabric assistance' and is used for high-strength fabrics.
Recommended grips for D5034
Our vise grips with grab-test inserts are the standard solution: the 1,000 lb (5 kN) vise grip covers nearly all apparel and home-furnishing fabrics. For high-volume QC, pneumatic grips give identical clamping pressure on every specimen and remove operator variability. For heavy industrial fabrics, the Big 30 kN pneumatic grips accept smaller grab-test inserts as well as wide faces. The international equivalent is ISO 13934-2, which uses the same 25 × 25 mm jaw concept but a 100 mm gauge length and 50 mm/min, so do not assume results transfer one to one.
ASTM D5035: Strip test for breaking force and elongation of textile fabrics
The strip test grips the full width of the specimen, so every yarn in the gauge section carries load. That makes it a cleaner measure of the fabric's own tensile strength than the grab test, and it is the method of choice for nonwovens, coated fabrics and many industrial textiles.
Raveled versus cut strips
1R and 2R (raveled strip): woven fabric is cut slightly oversize and yarns are removed from each edge until the strip is exactly 25 mm (1 in) or 50 mm (2 in) wide. Raveling removes damaged edge yarns, so results are less scattered.
1C and 2C (cut strip): 25 or 50 mm wide strips cut directly, used for fabrics that cannot be raveled, such as nonwovens, felts, knits and coated fabrics.
Gauge length and speed: typically 75 mm (3 in) and 300 mm/min (12 in/min) on a CRE machine.
Jaw faces: at least as wide as the specimen; 50 mm strips need 50 mm or wider faces. Rubber-faced inserts are the usual first choice for slick or coated fabrics.
Because D5034 and D5035 use different jaw sizes, the fastest way to switch between them is a Quick Change jaw carrier, which lets operators slide inserts in and out instead of unbolting faces between tests:
The ISO counterpart, ISO 13934-1, uses 50 mm wide strips and a 200 mm gauge length (100 mm for high-extension fabrics), so a lab that tests to both families needs wider faces and more crosshead travel than a D5035-only lab.
Grab test or strip test: which should you run?
Use D5034 (grab) when a customer specification calls for it, for most woven apparel and upholstery fabrics, and when specimen preparation time matters; grab specimens need no raveling.
Use D5035 (strip) for nonwovens, coated and laminated fabrics, and whenever you need force per unit width for engineering calculations.
Never compare the two directly: grab results are typically higher because adjacent fabric outside the jaws contributes to strength.
ASTM D751: The complete coated-fabric test suite
ASTM D751 is not one test; it is a collection of methods for rubber- and plastic-coated fabrics such as tarpaulins, inflatables, protective clothing, roofing membranes, conveyor covers and upholstery vinyl. A well-equipped UTM can run most of them with one frame and a handful of grip inserts.
D751 tests you can run on a universal testing machine
Breaking strength, grab method: essentially the D5034 setup with 1 × 1 in front and 1 × 2 in back inserts.
Breaking strength, strip method: essentially the D5035 setup.
Bursting strength: the ball burst method, run with the same fixture used for D3787.
Tearing strength: tongue tear (see D2261) and trapezoid tear (see D5587) with wider 2 × 3 in inserts.
Adhesion of coating to fabric: a T-peel separation of the coating from the base fabric, similar to ASTM D1876.
Seam strength: a grab-style pull across a sewn or welded seam, similar to ASTM D1683.
Not on a UTM: hydrostatic resistance needs a Mullen-type or rising-column tester, and a few sections (such as low-temperature bend) use dedicated apparatus.
We supply a dedicated D751 jaw package on a 5 kN vise grip so that one set of grips covers the grab, strip, tear, adhesion and seam sections:
Coated fabrics are also the material most likely to fail at the jaw. Coatings are slippery, so operators over-tighten or switch to aggressive serrations and the base fabric is cut at the jaw line. This short video shows what an invalid D751 break looks like, which is worth showing every new operator:
For the coating adhesion section, a centering device keeps the T-peel specimen aligned with the load axis so the separating layers pull symmetrically. The same idea applies to bonded fabrics under ASTM D2724, covered below:
ASTM D3787 and ASTM D6797: Ball burst strength of textiles
Ball burst testing pushes a polished steel ball through a clamped circle of fabric and records the force at rupture. Because load is applied in every direction at once, it is the preferred strength test for knits, stretch fabrics and other textiles with high elongation, where a grab or strip test would mostly measure how far the fabric can be pulled before it necks down.
D3787 versus D6797: what is the difference?
The geometry is the same; the machine is not. ASTM D3787 is written for constant-rate-of-traverse (CRT) testers, and its scope notes that CRT and CRE machines have been shown to give different results and points CRE users to ASTM D6797. In practice, if you are running a modern electromechanical universal testing machine or Mark-10 tensile tester, you are running a CRE machine and D6797 is the method that matches your equipment. Many customer specifications still cite D3787, so it is worth confirming which one your customer actually requires.
Ball burst fixture specifications
Ball: 25.4 mm (1.000 in) diameter polished, hardened steel ball mounted on the moving crosshead.
Ring clamp: 44.45 mm (1.750 in) internal diameter opening, with grooved clamping plates that hold the fabric without slippage.
Speed: 305 mm/min (12 in/min).
Mounting: standard 5/8 in (15.9 mm) clevis adapter, so it fits the same frame as your tensile grips.
Typical loads: most fabrics burst below 2.2 kN (500 lbf), so a single-column frame is usually sufficient.
Literature: D3787 fixture literature (PDF) and D6797 fixture literature (PDF).
Here is how to mount the fixture on a test frame:
And a complete ball burst test on fabric, from clamping to rupture:
Hydraulic diaphragm bursting (ASTM D3786, the Mullen-type test) is a different method on a different instrument and is not interchangeable with ball burst. For a deeper dive on this fixture, read our full ASTM D3787 ball burst testing guide.
Fabric tear testing: ASTM D2261 tongue tear and ASTM D5587 trapezoid tear
Tear tests measure how much force it takes to propagate a tear that has already started, which is what determines whether a snag in a tent, airbag, sail or uniform becomes a rip. Both common tear methods run on a standard tensile frame with vise grips or pneumatic grips; see our tear testing applications page for the full list of tear standards.
ASTM D2261 tongue (single-rip) tear
Specimen: 75 × 200 mm (3 × 8 in) with a 75 mm (3 in) slit cut from the center of one short edge, forming two 'tongues'.
Setup: one tongue in each jaw, typically with a 75 mm gauge, pulled at 300 mm/min (12 in/min).
Result: the trace is a series of peaks and valleys as individual yarns break; tear strength is calculated from the peaks (the standard allows several peak-averaging options), not from the single highest point.
Jaw faces: at least 50 mm (2 in) wide so each tongue is gripped across its full width.
ASTM D5587 trapezoid tear
Specimen: 75 × 150 mm (3 × 6 in) marked with an isosceles trapezoid and a short starter cut on the narrow side.
Setup: the specimen is clamped along the non-parallel sides of the trapezoid, so the short edge is taut and the long edge is slack; the tear propagates across the specimen as the jaws separate.
Speed: 300 mm/min (12 in/min).
Jaw faces: wide inserts, typically 75 mm (3 in), to hold the full trapezoid edge.
Specimen prep: a trapezoid cutting die makes the marking and starter cut identical on every specimen.
Note that the Elmendorf tear test (ASTM D1424) uses a falling pendulum and cannot be run on a UTM. If a customer cites Elmendorf, you need a pendulum tester; if they cite tongue or trapezoid tear, your UTM is the right tool.
ASTM D1683: Seam strength of sewn woven fabrics
Seam failure is one of the most common field complaints for apparel, upholstery, bags and protective clothing. ASTM D1683 loads a sewn seam in a grab-style configuration until either the seam fails (thread breaks, fabric ruptures at the stitch line, or yarns slip out of the seam) or the fabric itself breaks.
Grips: vise grips or pneumatic vise grips with 25 × 25 mm (1 × 1 in) front faces and 25 × 50 mm (1 × 2 in) or larger back faces, centered on the seam.
Seam efficiency: compare seam strength with the strength of the same fabric without a seam; seam strength divided by fabric strength gives seam efficiency as a percentage.
Failure mode matters: always record whether the thread broke, the fabric tore at the needle holes, or the seam slipped, because each points to a different fix.
Related methods: older specifications may cite ASTM D434; geotextile seams are tested under ASTM D4884 using wide-width grips.
ASTM D4964: Tension and elongation of elastic fabrics
Stretch fabrics for activewear, compression garments, medical wraps and waistbands are characterized by how much force it takes to stretch them and how well they recover, not just by when they break. ASTM D4964 tests a continuous loop of elastic fabric, typically cycling it to a set extension or force and recording the load-elongation curve.
Fixtures: our D4964 band clamp fixture and loop band clamp grips hold the fabric loop over rounded bars so there are no jaw breaks; see the D4964 literature (PDF).
Strain measurement: for open-loop elongation, a video extensometer tracks marks on the fabric without touching it.
Load range: elastic fabrics are low-force, so a 100 N to 500 N load cell on a single-column tensile tester gives the best resolution.
ASTM D2724: Bond strength of bonded, fused and laminated apparel fabrics
Laminated outerwear shells, fused interlinings and bonded fabrics fail by delamination long before the face fabric tears. ASTM D2724 is a T-peel test: the layers are separated at one end, each layer is clamped in one jaw, and the average peel force over the separation length is reported as bond strength.
Specimen: 75 mm (3 in) wide, with the layers separated about 25 mm (1 in) to start.
Grips: vise grips with inserts slightly wider than the specimen; we usually recommend 30 × 80 mm rubber or serrated faces.
Analysis: bond strength is averaged from the peaks and valleys of the peel trace, so data-acquisition rate matters.
For the full family of peel fixtures, including T-peel, 90° and 180°, see our peel test fixtures guide and peel testing applications page.
Yarn, thread, cord and single-fiber tensile testing
Yarns and threads cannot be held in flat jaws without breaking at the jaw line. The fix is to wrap the specimen around a curved surface, a bollard or capstan, so friction carries most of the load before the strand reaches the clamp.
ASTM D2256 and ASTM D885: yarns, tire cords and industrial filaments
ASTM D2256 covers tensile properties of single strands and skeins of yarn: breaking force, elongation, tenacity (breaking force divided by linear density), modulus and work to break. Gauge length is typically 250 mm (10 in).
ASTM D885 covers tire cords, tire cord fabrics and industrial filament yarns made from man-made organic fibers, which are much stronger and need a higher-capacity grip.
Grips: bollard grips from 200 N pneumatic models for fine yarns up to 5 kN for industrial cords; above 5 kN, move to rope grips. See the D2256 grip literature (PDF).
Pretension: a small, specified pretension removes slack and crimp before the test starts; skipping it inflates elongation results.
ASTM D3822: Single textile fiber tensile testing
Single fibers are mounted on paper or card tabs with adhesive, the tabs are clamped, and the tab sides are cut away just before the test. Breaking loads are tiny, often a few newtons or less, so the load cell is usually 10 N to 50 N and the frame needs fine speed control. Our D3822 single fiber grip is built on the 1 kN small rope grip (PDF) platform with low clamping pressure for delicate filaments.
ASTM D6775: Webbing, tape and braided narrow fabrics
Seat belts, fall-protection harnesses, cargo straps, lifting slings and military webbing combine high breaking strength with a tightly woven surface that is very hard to clamp. ASTM D6775 covers breaking strength and elongation of textile webbing, tape and braided material, and the standard tool is a wrap (capstan) grip that winds the webbing around a drum before it reaches the locking pin.
Grips: wrap grips from 1 kN for ribbons and narrow tapes up to 100 kN for heavy slings; see the D6775 literature (PDF).
Frame: heavy webbing usually needs a floor-standing or high-capacity universal testing machine, with enough crosshead travel for high-elongation nylon webbing.
Safety: webbing breaks release a lot of stored energy; use a guard and safety glasses.
Geotextile testing: ASTM D4632, D4595, D6241 and D4833
Geotextiles used for road stabilization, drainage, erosion control and landfill liners are textiles, but they are tested at civil-engineering loads. The same principles apply (grab, wide-width strip and puncture), but the grips and fixtures are larger. Geotextile QC labs typically pair a 50 kN benchtop UTM or a floor-standing UTM with the fixtures below.
ASTM D4632: Geotextile grab test
The geotextile version of the grab test uses a 100 × 200 mm (4 × 8 in) specimen and 25 × 50 mm (1 × 2 in) jaw faces at a 75 mm gauge and 300 mm/min. It is the most common geotextile acceptance test in specifications and manufacturer data sheets. See our D4632 grab grips.
ASTM D4595: Wide-width strip tensile
Narrow strips of geotextile neck down severely, so ASTM D4595 uses a 200 mm (8 in) wide specimen with a 100 mm gauge, tested at a strain rate of about 10 % per minute. The grips need faces at least 200 mm wide and enough clamping force to hold high-strength woven geotextiles; our 50 kN extra-wide vise grips for D4595 (PDF) are designed for exactly this, and the D4595 literature (PDF) covers the full setup.
ASTM D6241: CBR (static) puncture
The CBR puncture test pushes a 50 mm (2 in) diameter flat-ended plunger through a geotextile clamped in a ring with a 150 mm (6 in) internal diameter at 50 mm/min. It simulates the load of a stone being pressed into the fabric and is the go-to puncture test in many geosynthetic specifications. See our D6241 puncture fixture and literature (PDF).
ASTM D4833: Index puncture
ASTM D4833 uses a small 8 mm diameter rod with a 45° chamfered tip pushed through a 45 mm clamped opening. It is an index test for geomembranes and related products and is often specified alongside or as an alternative to D6241. See our D4833 puncture fixture.
ASTM D4032: Fabric stiffness by the circular bend procedure
Stiffness, or 'hand', affects drape, comfort and how a fabric behaves in automated cutting and sewing. In the circular bend procedure, a plunger pushes a folded fabric specimen through a circular orifice, and the peak force is reported as bending resistance. Because it is just a controlled push with a force reading, it runs on any tensile tester fitted with our D4032 fixture. The older cantilever method, ASTM D1388, is an alternative for lightweight fabrics.
International (ISO) equivalents to know
Global brands often specify ISO methods instead of, or in addition to, ASTM. The same frame and grips usually work, but jaw sizes, gauge lengths and speeds differ, so set up a separate test method in your software for each.
ISO 13934-1: fabric strip tensile (counterpart to D5035).
ISO 13934-2: fabric grab tensile (counterpart to D5034).
ISO 13937-2 to -4: tear strength using trouser, wing and tongue specimens.
ISO 13935-2: seam strength by the grab method.
ISO 9073 series: nonwoven test methods, including strip tensile and trapezoid tear.
ISO 1421 and ISO 4674-1: tensile and tear strength of rubber- or plastics-coated fabrics.
ISO 2062: single-end yarn tensile.
ISO 10319 and ISO 12236: wide-width tensile and CBR puncture for geosynthetics.
Browse our full list of standard-specific grips and fixtures on the ASTM, ISO, DIN and JIS standards page.
Choosing a testing machine for textile testing
Most textile labs are over-capacity, not under-capacity. Apparel fabric grab tests, tear tests, ball burst and yarn tests all sit comfortably below 2.5 kN. The things that actually limit a textile lab are crosshead travel for high-elongation fabrics, data rate for tear and peel traces, and how quickly operators can change grips.
Apparel, home textiles and nonwovens: a Mark-10 500 lb or 750 lb single-column frame, or a 2.5 kN to 5 kN benchtop UTM.
Technical, coated and industrial fabrics: a 10 kN or 25 kN dual-column UTM, so grab tests on heavy fabrics and D751 coated fabrics stay well inside the frame's range.
Webbing, slings and geotextiles: a 50 kN or 100 kN benchtop UTM, or a floor-standing UTM for the strongest webbing and wide-width geogrids.
Single fiber and fine yarn: a low-force frame with a 10 N to 50 N load cell.
Budget or spot checks: a manual tensile tester handles go/no-go checks on the production floor.
Our Galdabini universal testing machines ship with Graphwork software and a ready-made test library, so programming a new textile method is a matter of filling in the specimen and speed parameters:
Every machine we supply can be installed, calibrated and supported by our team, and we offer operator training for labs bringing textile testing in-house.
Best practices and troubleshooting for textile tests
Jaw breaks
If more than an occasional specimen breaks at or within a few millimeters of the jaw, the result is suspect. Try rubber-faced inserts, reduce clamping pressure on pneumatic grips, add tabs, or for yarns switch to bollard grips. Most textile standards say jaw breaks may be discarded only if they are well below the average, so fix the grip rather than filtering the data.
Slippage
A stair-stepped or sawtooth force curve before the break usually means the specimen is sliding. Check that the inserts are clean and not worn smooth, that the specimen is centered, and that the pneumatic pressure is high enough. Correct installation of the inserts matters more than most operators think:
Specimen preparation and conditioning
Cut with a die and die press rather than scissors; keep dies sharp with a die sharpening tool.
Take specimens across the width of the roll and avoid selvages; do not take two warp specimens from the same warp yarns.
Condition specimens to the standard atmosphere and test in that atmosphere, or within the time the method allows after removal.
Mark gauge lines with a marking tool when using a video extensometer.
Testing at temperature
Technical textiles used in automotive, aerospace, outdoor and protective applications are often specified hot or cold. An environmental chamber mounted on the frame lets you run grab, strip, tear and webbing tests from sub-zero to elevated temperatures with the same grips.
Frequently asked questions about textile testing
What is the difference between ASTM D5034 and ASTM D5035?
D5034 is a grab test: a 100 mm wide specimen is gripped only across the central 25 mm, so surrounding fabric adds strength. D5035 is a strip test: the specimen (25 or 50 mm wide) is gripped across its full width. Results from the two methods are not interchangeable.
Can I run ASTM D3787 on a modern universal testing machine?
Physically yes; the fixture is identical. However, D3787 is written for constant-rate-of-traverse machines and refers users of constant-rate-of-extension machines (which includes modern electromechanical UTMs) to ASTM D6797. Confirm with your customer which method they require and report the method you actually used.
What load cell do I need for fabric testing?
For most apparel fabrics, a 2.5 kN or 5 kN load cell covers grab, strip, tear and ball burst testing. Fine yarns and single fibers need 10 N to 100 N. Heavy webbing and geotextiles need 50 kN or more.
What grips are used for textile tensile testing?
Vise grips and pneumatic grips with interchangeable faces for fabrics; bollard grips and rope grips for yarns and cords; wrap grips for webbing and straps; and roller grips for some high-elongation narrow fabrics.
Do I need an extensometer for textile testing?
Most fabric methods allow elongation from crosshead travel. A video extensometer is worth adding for elastic fabrics, coated fabrics and research work where you need true strain in the gauge section without grip-slip error.
Which textile tests cannot be run on a UTM?
Elmendorf tear (ASTM D1424) needs a pendulum tester, hydraulic diaphragm burst (ASTM D3786) needs a Mullen-type tester, and hydrostatic water resistance needs a hydrostatic head tester. Almost everything else in a textile lab, including tensile, tear, ball burst, seam, peel, puncture and stiffness, can be done on one UTM with the right fixtures.
Build your textile testing lab with Universal Grip Company
Universal Grip Company designs and builds grips and fixtures for every test in this guide, and supplies the Mark-10 tensile testers and universal testing machines to run them. Whether you are adding a single ball burst fixture to an existing frame or equipping a complete textile QC lab, we will match grips, inserts, load cells and software to your standards list.
Browse all textile testing equipment, download the free Textile Testing Training Guide (PDF), watch more demos on our YouTube channel, or contact our team with your standards and sample types for a quote.
Comments